Homelessness And Substance Abuse And Mental Illness Essay

Abstract Homelessness has been a major issue for the past hundred years often due to economic struggles, the closure of asylums in the Sixties and Seventies, and mental illness. Substance abuse often goes hand in hand with homelessness although there is debate as to which comes first. More over a number of individuals not only suffer from homelessness and substance abuse but also mental illness as well. This population struggles to have their basic needs of food and shelter met, so receiving adequate treatment for substance abuse and mental illness is often difficult. Two main treatment modalities are currently used when working with this population: abstinence and harm reduction. However, often treatment programs do not treat both mental illness and substance abuse. Community programs which meet homeless individual’s needs and practitioners who take the time to develop a healthy therapeutic relationship are the best chances of helping a homeless individual get clean. The Forgotten People: Dealing with Substance Abuse and Mental Illness among Homeless Individuals Homelessness has been a problem in the United States for well over a hundred years. Major economic downturns have always had a large role in effecting the homeless population. However, the deinstitutionalization of the psychiatric hospitals in America has greatly increased the size of the mentally ill homeless population, particularly in large urban areas. This increase in homelessness among people withShow MoreRelatedCauses Of Homelessness1405 Words   |  6 Pageswe must understand their mental health and behavioral needs. The information they all share in common are the factors why a specific type of population became homeless. The interrelation of homelessness and mental illness are informed by many factors such as; the lack of support, extreme poverty, substance abuse, lack of affordable health insurance, and lack of affordable housing. The homeless population shares different struggles when dealing with homelessness and mental illnesses because there areRead MoreHomeless Re search Paper1487 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion people experience homelessness in the US every year (NCH,1). But what is homelessness? Jim Baumohl, a noted author, explained in Homelessness in America, the most common definition of homelessness used by researchers is the â€Å"absence of belonging to a specific place or to people† (NCH, 3). However, there is no set definition, due to the variety of living conditions a homeless person encounters, and the opinions of the researchers. As Baumohl pointed out, â€Å"homelessness is but the latest of manyRead MoreThe Effects Of Homeless Conditions, Drug Abuse, And Mental Illness1464 Words   |  6 Pages A study of the Impact a Correlation of Homeless conditions, Drug Abuse, and Mental illness has on the Health and Wellbeing of Individuals Robin Mullineaux Salt Lake Community College Abstract This paper utilizes five peer reviewed articles for the purpose of identifying the interconnections between psychiatric conditions, self-medication and Homelessness. Depending on the severity of the psychiatric disorder, circumstances can lead to a homeless situation or nomadic lifestyle. ItRead MoreThe Plan For Eradicating Homelessness1203 Words   |  5 Pageshousing services, funding dedicated to eradicating homelessness in Seattle should go towards increasing the availability and accessibility of supportive services such as substance abuse and mental health programs. In 2005, The Committee to End Homelessness in King County (CEHKC) began its implementation of â€Å"A Roof Over Every Bed in King County: Our Community s Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness. This plan outlined strategies to end and prevent homelessness with a focus on increasing permanent housingRead MoreTaking a Look at Homelessness893 Words   |  4 PagesColumbia, Canada. This community, around King George SkyTra in station, is a densely populated area. In this community, there are a large number of homeless individuals. In homeless population, mental illness commonly present in the forms of schizophrenia, depression, personality disorders, substance abuse, and other affective disorders. According to Metro Vancouver Homeless Count, there are â€Å"400 homeless people in Surrey, representing 15% of the regions 2650 homeless† (City of Surrey, n.d, â€Å"2014†)Read MoreHomelessness And Mental Health And Substance Abuse878 Words   |  4 PagesHomelessness as a result of deinstitutionalization in the US increased dramatically, tripling in 182 cities over the court of the 1980s (Bagenstos, 2012). In addition, mental health and substance abuse is a major problem in across the country because of homelessness. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration,20 to 25% of the homeless population in the United States suffers from some form of severe mental i llness (DMHAS, 2014). Consequently, mental illnesses disruptRead MoreThe Social Issue Of Mental Health1167 Words   |  5 PagesTo discuss the social issue of mental health is to take into account a wide range of related issues and concerns, because describing the problem brings other subjects up that should also be presented. Starting with mental illness, it is defined as a wide range of mental health conditions or disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior. Serious mental illnesses include major depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder, posttraumatic stressRead MoreHomelessness Is More Than Ruthlessness Essay1206 Words   |  5 PagesHomelessness is about more than ruthlessness. A home is not just a physical space; it also has a legal and a social dimension. A home provides roots, identity, and a sense of belonging and a place of emotional wellbeing. Homelessness is about the loss of all of these. It is an isol ating and destructive experience and homeless people are some of the most vulnerable and socially excluded in our society. After years of declining trends, 2010 marked the turning point when all forms of homelessness beganRead MoreThe Link Between Homelessness And Mental Health983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat’s the issue? The lack of mental health services available to the mentally-ill and the deinstitutionalization of mental health hospitals have created a public health concern. These issues along with a failed continuum of care plans and a lack of community mental health services have been major contributing factors to homelessness. In addition, the strict guidelines for psychiatric hospitalization are critical when analyzing homelessness. In many cases, only the critically ill are meeting clinicalRead MoreMental Health For The Mentally Ill999 Words   |  4 PagesMental Health Brief What’s the issue? The lack of mental health services available to the mentally-ill and the deinstitutionalization of mental health hospitals have created a public health concern. These issues along with failed continuum of care strategies and a lack of community mental health services are major contributing factors to homelessness. In addition, the strict guidelines for psychiatric hospitalization are critical when analyzing homelessness among the mentally-ill. In many cases,

Race A Philosophical Introduction by Paul Taylor - 875 Words

The last chapter of the text varies depending on which edition is read. After buying the second edition I was able to acquire a copy of the first. The last chapters were an interesting correlation to the periods in which they were published, though they are both similar. After the 2008 election, Taylor rewrote the last chapter of the text to reflect the new conversation brought about with the election of our first black president. In the first edition, chapter six undertakes how race affects the increasingly prevalent topic of immigration and globalization in the United States (among various other things). Taylor stresses the importance of defining immigration administration as a racial structure, regardless of the insistence of supporters†¦show more content†¦These measures are not new and are certainly not contained to the United States alone. What Taylor calls â€Å"modernity’s classical racialist projects† exhibit for us the principles (and issues) of globa lization. Taylor writes: â€Å"who owns the controlling shares in South Africa’s diamond mines – still? Where did Firestone get the rubber that is used to become the corporation we know today? How much of its weather has it shared with the descendants of the workers on its rubber plantations?† (p. 198). These examples and images help dismantle the typical arguments that globalization assists in the descent of racism. Globalization is not a process that helps gain acceptance of different cultures, though that would be the ideal circumstance. Rather, globalization and its racialist â€Å"projects† span the globe. In Taylor eyes, these examples simply reiterate that racialism never goes away, simply recreates itself. The above concepts were addressed in the sixth chapter of the second edition, however the section is extended to include conversation about the common claim that, essentially, racism is no longer an issue in the United States; after all, we have a black president. Can the U.S. be considered â€Å"post-racism† simply because the majority of the voting population chose a black man to lead the country? Taylor answers this by stating that while the success of Barack andShow MoreRelatedRace: A Philosophical Introduction1756 Words   |  7 PagesRace-thinking: what is it? Isn’t the world past the issue of race? Do races even exist and if so, what does it mean to have a racial identity? Is colorblindness possible and how important is it? These are the questions Paul Taylor addresses in the book â€Å"Race: A Philosophical Introduction†. Paul Taylor is a self-proclaimed â€Å"radical constructionist† who will maintain that race is very real in our world and in th e United States (p. 80). Taylor takes care to ensure he addresses the real needs concerningRead MoreCartesian Dualism And Transhumanism : Theories Within Their Time Contexts1510 Words   |  7 Pagesan attempt to make his theory objective. This made psychology a practise, and is a huge strength of Descartes dualism (Leahey 2004.) However, due to Descartes reliance on doubt as a way of explaining and supporting his theory, this led to many philosophical psychologist doubting existence of the external world, for example Locke (1690.) This resulted in psychologists such as Freud who led people to doubt themselves, which completely contradicts what Descartes first theorised. Despite this, DescartesRead MoreThe Theology of Indigenization Essay examples1823 Words   |  8 PagesINDIGENIZATION Introduction The mission of Christ on earth was to reconcile all people to God. The church continues this mission: â€Å"Go therefore and make disciples of all nations†(Mk-16: 15). Christ entrusted this mission to His church and it is a universal mission. It assumes that the gospel must be taken to all people on earth irrespective of color, race and culture. Thus the church is multicultural. 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Existentialism * is a philosophical term which posits that individuals create the meaning and essence of their lives. Existentialism asserts that â€Å"existence precedes essenceRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 PagesSpencer enthusiastically elaborated on Darwins process of natural selection, applying it to human society, and made his own contribution in the notion of survival of the fittest. From the beginning Spencer applied his harsh dictum to human society, races, and the state - judging them in the process: If they are sufficiently complete to live, they do live, and it is well they should live. If they are not sufficiently complete to live, they die, and it is best they should die. Spencer systematicallyRead MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pagesdetailed account of classical philosophy in Section II of the chapter on reification. (But only in part. For it seemed to me equally essential to examine the contradictions of bourgeois thought at the point where that thought received its highest philosophical expression.) Discussions of the kind contained in these pages have the inevitable defect that they fail to fulfil the — justifiable — demand for a completely systematic theory, without offering any compensation in the way of popularity. I am onlyRead MoreSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words   |  140 Pagesin the Finite Element Method, 5th Edition_Daryl L. Logan (SM) A First Course in the Finite Element Method, SI Version, 5th Edition_ Daryl L. Logan (SM) A Framework for Marketing Management, 4E_Philip R Kotler,Kevin Lane Keller (TB) A Friendly Introduction to Numerical Analysis,Brian Bradie (ISM) A Guide to International Financial Reporting Standards, 3rd Edition_Belverd E. 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Organisational Analysis: Notes and Essays Page i Page ii Please do not attempt to eat these notes. CONTENTS Introduction to the Workshop Topics And Themes The Nature and Scope of Organisation Theory Levels of Analysis The Metaphorical Approach Organising Processes Understanding Change Conflict, Negotiation, and the Politics of Change Group and Team Working CulturesRead MoreDiscourse Analysis Mini Research4784 Words   |  20 PagesCHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter presents an introduction consisting of background of study, problems of study, objective of the study, and significance of the study. 1.1 Background of the Study Language has a social function as a tool to make connection between human beings. Without language, it seems impossible for people to interact with others in their daily life because language can express people’s feeling, willing, opinion, etc. In case of communication, some public figures might influence

Financial Statement Analysis Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Statement Analysisfor Fisher Paykel Healthcare Limited. Answer: Financial Analysis and Evaluation Financial analysis and performance will be done by extracting the annual report of the year 2014, 2015 and 2016 of Fisher Paykel Healthcare Limited. The analysis will be done by calculating liquidity, profitability and solvency ratio (Brigham Ehrhardt,2013). Financial Performance Financial performance of the Fisher Paykel Healthcare Limited will be done by measuring the liquidity regarding current and quick ratio (Arnold,2014). Profitability will be done by calculating return on asset and in terms solvency debt to equity ratio will be calculated. Particulars 2014 2015 2016 Current Ratio 1.82 2.08 1.91 Current ratio will be calculated by dividing total assets by the total liabilities. A fluctuating trend has been observed in the trend of the current ration. In 2014 it was the highest by 2.08, and in 2015 it decreased tremendously to 1.82, and in 2016 it further got decreased to 1.91 (Brigham Houston,2012). Current ratio reflects an ability of the company to meet the liquidity of the company regarding short-term liabilities which will be becoming due within the coming year. It will be reflecting the amount of cash which is needed to generate the cash of the company. But by close analysis it can be analyzed that company will be has increased the capacity of generating cash for the company for the coming year (Fphcare.com.2016). Particulars 2014 2015 2016 Quick Ratio 0.81 1.05 1.01 Quick ratio will be calculated by adding cash and current receivable and then dividing both of them by total current liability. The quick ratio is also called as an acid test (Brigham Daves,2012). Quick ratio will be measuring the amount of cash available for converting the cash under the short term period of the company. Quick ratio show and increasing with decreasing trend form 2014 to 2016. In 2013 was the least with 0.81, then on 2014 it 1.04 and finally on 2016 it was 1.01. By completed evaluation, it has been observed that a company's capacity of turning its cash into assets has been an effective approach, is not met properly the company needs to put concentration of the utilization of the resources. Particulars 2014 2015 2016 Debt to equity ratio 0.55 0.42 0.42 The Debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing the total liabilities by the total equities. The debt to equity ratio of the company has decreased consecutively. In the year 2016 and 2015, the ratio was 0.42 and for the year 2014 it was 0.55. This would lead to the increase in the dividend payout ratio to the shareholders. The capital structure has been changing and the company has been borrowing fewer funds to finance its capital and this has contributed to the increase in the dividend payment and altering the capital structure. The fall in the debt equity ratio is because the company has revised the target which would provide support for the growth of the business. The ratio calculated falls within the established range (Dorfman Cather, 2012). Particulars 2014 2015 2016 Return on assets 0.16 0.17 0.20 The return on assets is calculated by dividing the net income by the average total assets and it indicates the return generated in return to the investment made by the company (Titman et al., 2015). This ratio is more or less stable and changes only by fewer points. In the year 2014, the ratio stood at 0.16 and this increased to 0.17 in the year 2015, and then further increased to 0.20 in the year 2016. The rise in the ratio shows that the company is efficient in generating the revenue from its assets. The assets and the investment made by the company are efficient in generating the sufficient returns. The assets of the company are utilized properly (Finkler et al., 2016). Liquidity and Short-Term Financial Management The liquidity position of the company can be closely analyzed by observing the trend of the cash flow of the company. It has been observed that company it is generating most of its revenue from the operating expenses of the company all the other expenses is reflecting the negative balance of the company. For measuring the short term financial management, it has been observed that company has sound short term financial objective for meeting the working capital requirement of the company. Further it has been observed that company do not have sufficient amount of short term investment in the company. This is depicted as the companies do not want to invest in the short term investment because the company is planning for long term investments. Even that company has sufficient amount of cash level for meeting the daily expenses of the company. Short term finance of the company will be explained by interest bearing facilities and derivation of the financial instrument mentioned in the finan cial report of the company in the last three-year financial statement of the company (Fphcare.com.2016). Financial Structure and Status The total value of the equity in the capital structure of the company is increasing which depicts that the shareholders would get a better return and the company is relying more on the equity rather than debt. While analyzing the section it has been analyzed that company is investing most of the amount in equity section. The cash generated from the investing activities and the financing is negative which shows that the company is not effectively making use of the investing and the financial assets. However, the net cash flow from the operating activities is increasing year by year. The net income of the company also increased consecutively. It has been further observed that company is generating most of its income from the operating structure of the cash flow. Further it has observed that companies operating margin is more than the profit margin. The company also does not have long term investment; it means that company does not have security in the future. Company should also increa se its liability in the preference stock and option warrants. All these features will help the company in getting more growth and profit in the near future. (Fphcare.com.2016). Therefore, it can be concluded that current ratio is showing a decreasing trend current ratio is even decreasing. Debt to equity has also decreased, but there is a varied change in the return on the assets increased tremendously. On the section of liquidity and short term financial perspective the company is not getting investment in the short term investment. Finally to analyze the financial structure it can be said that company has been analyzed that company is investing most of the amount in equity section and not in the debt section of the company. On the overall analysis it can be concluded that in the year 2015 company had excellent position in terms of the entire ratio. Reference List Arnold, G. (2014).Corporate financial management. Pearson Higher Ed. Brigham, E. F., Daves, P. R. (2012).Intermediate financial management. Nelson Education. Brigham, E. F., Ehrhardt, M. C. (2013).Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E. F., Houston, J. F. (2012).Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Dorfman, M. S., Cather, D. A. (2012).Introduction to risk management and insurance. Pearson Higher Ed. Finkler, S. A., Smith, D. L., Calabrese, T. D., Purtell, R. M. (2016).Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations. CQ Press. Gateway | Fisher Paykel Healthcare. (2016).Fphcare.com. Retrieved 16 October 2016, from https://www.fphcare.com/gateway/ Titman, S., Keown, A. J., Martin, J. D. (2015).Financial management: Principles and applications. Pearson.

Inner Journeys free essay sample

What extent has studying the concept of inner journeys expanded your understanding of yourself individuals and of the world? Inner journeys are about the process in which we move from naivity to maturity. In this proccess we learn new things about ourself that help us grow and become wiser and better people. The texts cosi by louis Nowra, the film groudhog day and the poem the road not taken all depict journeys of the mind and spirit which open up a greater understanding of the sense of self. In cosi louis nowra presents the inner journey of lewis, a young first time director who is hired to direct a play to bring the inmates of an asylum out of their shells . At the begining of the play lewis is indecisive in his understanding of others, uncertain of his opinions and unconfident of his own abilies. Diresting cosi fan tutti with emotionally and mentally handicapped people is the catalysts for lewis own emotional and mental maturity. We will write a custom essay sample on Inner Journeys or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a metaphor for the world the charred theatre represents the challenges that will confront lewis. The characterization of lewis is established by the realism that of his language when he initially states i need the money. However this realism is threatened when both nick and lucy leave him alone to deal with the inmates. lewiss growing fear and uncertainty is emphasized through Nowras stage directions. Gradually as lewis spends more time with the patients like when he like when he lies about cherry thats why she spends so much time in the toilets in order to keep the production going he starts to see the value it has for them. Lewis also changes his attitude toward love and fidelity. This evident in the contrast when he says loves not so important nowadays to now saying without love the world wouldnt mean much. Nowra uses the play within play within play structure to emphasize the importance of love and fidelity. The opera cosi fan tutti functions somewhat as a mimetic device as it becomes a reflection of lewis relationship with lucy and his realisation that fidelity is an essential part of love. The inner journey that allowed lewis to gain this insight has been a product of his relationship with the mental patients. Finally lewis develops personally as a a director. Initially conveyed as a timid character, evident as roy talks over him, he learns to control and direct as he gains the respect of the mental patients. The film groundhog day starring bill Murray shows the Inner journey of Phill as he is trapped in a recurring day. Through the brilliance of the plot we can observe as he deals with his unique predicament. We see how he struggles to find meaning and purpose in life. Each day he experiments with new thoughts and behaviors and he learns what works and what doesnt. Any change that occurs must be inside him because only he can change. All the other characters repaet eaxcly what they did the day before. This shines an intense light on Phils abilty to change himself. Over countless days he learns that what pleasure he thought would make him happy have failed to, and he has to accept his old self has completely run out of steam. From this he is forced to place all his attention on changing the way he interprets the world, on his personal reality by changing his attitudes, values thoughts and feelings. like lewis he literally recreates himself becoming a mature. loving and giving person. His journey proves that inner change is the key to personal growth and happiness. The road not taken by Robert frost uses a metaphor of traveling to explore our chooses in life. It depicts the difficulty of making choices available and presented to people. Frost traces the way we make decisions, enjoying the options life has to offer us yet he also acknowledges that we cannot realistically do everything that is presented to us. The first person perspective instantly brings the audience close to the experience being recounted. The use of i establishes the personas personal dilemmas as his journey brings him to two roads diverge in a yellow wood. Two roads and yellow woods are metaphors for the choices he confronts. Rhyming creates a flow to the piece while the rhythm forces us to pause effective for thinking what the persona is contemplating. Stanza 1 shows that persona is sorry i could not travel both roads and show that lifes journey requires chooses that exclude alternatives. The second stanza shows that the choice has been made. The use of the language As just as Fair and Perhaps suggests both roads are equal. However there is slight confusion of the personas choice, conveyed in perhaps the better claim, really about the same. At the time of his choice he believes it was a better claim than the other. Later he thinks there much the same. In the third stanza, the exclamation oh I kept the first for another day! suggests the optimism of being able to retread ones steps and take lifes journey by a different route. But the use of the conjunction yet he later says I doubted if i should ever come back which suggests that after taking one route, Thats the route he has to live by, it is a choice he has made in life. Finally in the last stanza the pause suggests regret. The persona is now not sure if he took the better route but this decision is one we have to make in life and we have to life with the consequences and hopefully learn from our past experiences. The poem suggests that inner journeys are irreversible and the choice we make define the person who we become and our understanding of life and the world. This idea is similar to lewis experience where his decision to direct Cosi fan tutti moulds him. Through a close analysis of the three texts Cosi, The film Ground hog day And the poem the road not taken by robert frost that convey the ideas that an inner journey forms as a response to lifes changes and particularly the climatic moments which force a spiritual, mental and emotional re-evaluation of values of priorities. Inner Journeys free essay sample What extent has studying the concept of inner journeys expanded your understanding of yourself individuals and of the world? Inner journeys are about the process in which we move from naivity to maturity. In this proccess we learn new things about ourself that help us grow and become wiser and better people. The texts cosi by louis Nowra, the film groudhog day and the poem the road not taken all depict journeys of the mind and spirit which open up a greater understanding of the sense of self. In cosi louis nowra presents the inner journey of lewis, a young first time director who is hired to direct a play to bring the inmates of an asylum out of their shells . At the begining of the play lewis is indecisive in his understanding of others, uncertain of his opinions and unconfident of his own abilies. Diresting cosi fan tutti with emotionally and mentally handicapped people is the catalysts for lewis own emotional and mental maturity. We will write a custom essay sample on Inner Journeys or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a metaphor for the world the charred theatre represents the challenges that will confront lewis. The characterization of lewis is established by the realism that of his language when he initially states i need the money. However this realism is threatened when both nick and lucy leave him alone to deal with the inmates. lewiss growing fear and uncertainty is emphasized through Nowras stage directions. Gradually as lewis spends more time with the patients like when he like when he lies about cherry thats why she spends so much time in the toilets in order to keep the production going he starts to see the value it has for them. Lewis also changes his attitude toward love and fidelity. This evident in the contrast when he says loves not so important nowadays to now saying without love the world wouldnt mean much. Nowra uses the play within play within play structure to emphasize the importance of love and fidelity. The opera cosi fan tutti functions somewhat as a mimetic device as it becomes a reflection of lewis relationship with lucy and his realisation that fidelity is an essential part of love. The inner journey that allowed lewis to gain this insight has been a product of his relationship with the mental patients. Finally lewis develops personally as a a director. Initially conveyed as a timid character, evident as roy talks over him, he learns to control and direct as he gains the respect of the mental patients. The film groundhog day starring bill Murray shows the Inner journey of Phill as he is trapped in a recurring day. Through the brilliance of the plot we can observe as he deals with his unique predicament. We see how he struggles to find meaning and purpose in life. Each day he experiments with new thoughts and behaviors and he learns what works and what doesnt. Any change that occurs must be inside him because only he can change. All the other characters repaet eaxcly what they did the day before. This shines an intense light on Phils abilty to change himself. Over countless days he learns that what pleasure he thought would make him happy have failed to, and he has to accept his old self has completely run out of steam. From this he is forced to place all his attention on changing the way he interprets the world, on his personal reality by changing his attitudes, values thoughts and feelings. like lewis he literally recreates himself becoming a mature. loving and giving person. His journey proves that inner change is the key to personal growth and happiness. The road not taken by Robert frost uses a metaphor of traveling to explore our chooses in life. It depicts the difficulty of making choices available and presented to people. Frost traces the way we make decisions, enjoying the options life has to offer us yet he also acknowledges that we cannot realistically do everything that is presented to us. The first person perspective instantly brings the audience close to the experience being recounted. The use of i establishes the personas personal dilemmas as his journey brings him to two roads diverge in a yellow wood. Two roads and yellow woods are metaphors for the choices he confronts. Rhyming creates a flow to the piece while the rhythm forces us to pause effective for thinking what the persona is contemplating. Stanza 1 shows that persona is sorry i could not travel both roads and show that lifes journey requires chooses that exclude alternatives. The second stanza shows that the choice has been made. The use of the language As just as Fair and Perhaps suggests both roads are equal. However there is slight confusion of the personas choice, conveyed in perhaps the better claim, really about the same. At the time of his choice he believes it was a better claim than the other. Later he thinks there much the same. In the third stanza, the exclamation oh I kept the first for another day! suggests the optimism of being able to retread ones steps and take lifes journey by a different route. But the use of the conjunction yet he later says I doubted if i should ever come back which suggests that after taking one route, Thats the route he has to live by, it is a choice he has made in life. Finally in the last stanza the pause suggests regret. The persona is now not sure if he took the better route but this decision is one we have to make in life and we have to life with the consequences and hopefully learn from our past experiences. The poem suggests that inner journeys are irreversible and the choice we make define the person who we become and our understanding of life and the world. This idea is similar to lewis experience where his decision to direct Cosi fan tutti moulds him. Through a close analysis of the three texts Cosi, The film Ground hog day And the poem the road not taken by robert frost that convey the ideas that an inner journey forms as a response to lifes changes and particularly the climatic moments which force a spiritual, mental and emotional re-evaluation of values of priorities.