The Presence of Racism is Shakespeare's Othello Essay

The Presence of Racism is Shakespeare's Othello - Essay Example Consequently, after the Reformation, it spoke to an opposing political and strict power against Protestantism in England. Around then, Italy was the site of traditional Roman history and progress which prepared for the Renaissance of European culture from the fifteenth to the seventeenth century. (Nostbakken, 2000) Contrasts matter. Othello was not a Venetian by birth and along these lines his status is undecided: he both has a place and doesn't have a place with the city of Venice. He has a place since he is Venice's military general whose fundamental job was to protect the city from potential intruders, and he is a Christian who imparted a typical religion to his kindred Venetian residents. Be that as it may, he is additionally a genuine outsider from an abnormal nation, an outsider and an untouchable. The play shows the intrinsic pressure which exists between the distinctions that set him apart and the characteristics that permit him to play a regarded and essential job in the city's everyday life. Cassio, another key character of this play, is an untouchable however he is to a lesser extent an outsider contrasted with Othello for he is an European man of his word. Cassio originates from the delightful Italian city of Florence. Othello, interestingly originates from the obscure and misconstr ued universe of Africa. (Nostbakken, 2000) The concubines of Venice were whores serving an upper-c... In this play, Shakespeare presents the solid positive and negative effect of personality by abusing numerous degrees of contrast between different characters of the play as recognized by their position and status, and by their places of beginning, reception, or victory. Shakespeare composed this play for English crowds in the mid seventeenth century and this play reflected and reacted to issues, circumstances, and issues of the period. Consequently, the play demonstrated characters characterized by contrasts just as likenesses. It might be said, the reactions of English crowds were likewise affected by their own feeling of way of life as a nation.Iago's character represents the debasement and interest in Venice. In the primary scene, he suggests the act of political preference, instead of fairness, by clarifying that kinship picked up Cassio the title of lieutenancy while Iago's endeavors had fizzled. Iago goes about as a model of personal responsibility as opposed to obligation. Iag o's recommendation to Roderigo to put cash in thy tote exemplified the bare eagerness that outsiders related to Venice's profoundly prosperous trader economy. Iago is naturally vindictive, plotting, and manipulative. His strength in the play reflects the clouded side of mankind and furthermore the clouded side of Venice. Iago is a genuine local of Venice and he has a place there such that Othello, the outcast, doesn't. (Nostbakken, 2000) Venetian ladies were seen to be extremely tricky. Desdemona was appeared as a super-inconspicuous Venetian and suspects for all intents and purposes each man and lady as being unfaithful, two-timing, or unbridled. In any case, Desdemona doesn't fit the Venetian generalization of betrayal and trickiness. She was a devoted lady.

Why is it difficult for parents and children to communicate Research Paper

For what reason is it hard for guardians and youngsters to impart - Research Paper Example Appropriate correspondence among guardians and kids likewise venture that they hold singular incentive to the family, which thusly helps in building up their general certainty level by an extensive level (New Mexico State University, n.d.). Be that as it may, it turns out to be very hard for the guardians to keep up a smooth correspondence with their youngsters explicitly during the immature stage. In this specific stage, the guardians and the kids experience a lot of strain, which in the end brings about crumbling the parent-youngster relationship to a significant degree (Swerdlow-Freed Psychology, P.C, 2014). With this worry, the prime goal of this examination paper is to distinguish alongside talk about the different pressure related components that are looked by the kids during their youth stage, which brings about ill-advised parent-youngster correspondence. The different sorts of parent-kid correspondence issues would be introduced in this examination paper with the point of deciding concerning why it frequently turns out to be very hard for guardians and their kids to convey in a successful way. Youthful Stage Issues. As of now talked about above, parent-youngster correspondence issues generally happen during the pre-adult phase of the kids. During this stage, each youngster wants to be autonomous as far as taking own choices and act as needs be. In this stage, each kid begins requesting for his/her own independence inside the loved ones hover, bringing about raising unsettling influences and strains everywhere (Swerdlow-Freed Psychology, P.C, 2014). Hence, in such manner, it frequently turns out to be a lot of hard for guardians and youngsters to convey. Obliviousness from Parents. At specific occasions, it very well may be seen that the correspondence interface among guardians and youngsters likewise get annihilated because of the numbness made by the guardians towards the kids. Significantly, it is seen that because of the lower level of family pay, the guardians of the youngsters are compelled to work outside. This in the long run gives

Public investments in Austria, Australia and New Zeland

Public investments in Austria, Australia and New Zeland Private and Public Partnership Nov 15, 2018 in Coursework About a Private and Public Partnership A private and public partnership (PPP) is a private business or a government project which is financed and managed by a partnership of one or more private entities and the government. PPP incorporates a private entity and a public entity authority in which private entity offers projects or services to the public and presumes substantial financial, operational, and technical risks of the project. In other different types of PPP, the expenses of partaking the project is exclusively borne by the users of the service and not the general public. However, in other types, the capital investment expenses are met by the private entities on the contract basis with the government to offer accepted services and the expenses of offering the service are partially or wholly borne by the government. The contributions of the government to the PPP are mostly made in form of transfer of existing assets. However, for projects that are focused on developing public goods such as the sector of infrastructu re, the government may offer a capital contribution in form of an instant grant with the aim of making the project to be much attractive to the private entrepreneurs (Barlow, Roehrich, and Wright, 2010). In some other cases, though rare, the government can uphold the project through offering subsidies on revenue such as tax breaks or through elimination of the guaranteed annual revenues for a specified period of time.

The Death And The Afterlife Essay - 1675 Words

Nearly everything could be represented by a god or goddess. Death and the afterlife was represented by Osiris. Aten and Ra were sun gods. The Egyptians felt that they needed to pray and build temples for these gods and goddesses to stay in their favor. These gods were believed to control everything, and if the Egyptians pleased them they would be rewarded. They worshipped their gods by making offerings. They would leave flowers and food in temples to show their respect. Commoners were not often allowed in temples. Priests had plenty of power because the gods were often feared. Most Egyptians did not actually love the gods, but feared their wrath. Commoners could occasionally attend ceremonies. At these ceremonies animals were often sacrificed. Ancient Egyptians believed that if they lived a good life that they would be allowed to live in a paradise in death. When an Egyptian would die, they would be mummified. Properly burying and preserving the body was very important because they believed that the soul would not actually disconnect from the body. Organs deemed important were put in jars and buried with the body. The heart was left inside the body. Once the body was cured in preserving solutions, it was then wrapped in linen cloths. Rich individuals were buried in temples with their most prized possessions. A priest would pray to Anubis for the dead to help them on their journey. Unfortunately, looting of tombs became common place in the destruction of historicalShow MoreRelatedDeath and the Afterlife Essay593 Words   |  3 PagesDeath and the Afterlife A/ Muslims believe in Akhirah. This is the belief that there is eternal life after death in either Heaven (paradise) or Hell. To reach either Hell or Heaven Muslims believe they must cross the Assirat Bridge. While crossing the Assirat Bridge Allah passes his judgement on your soul. The righteous can cross the bridge and reach paradise, but the damned will simply fall off the bridge into the fiery pits of Hell. Paradise is for believersRead MoreDeath, Morality, And The Afterlife919 Words   |  4 PagesThe idea the death, morality, and the afterlife have gradually changed through history. Death has an unavoidable and unpredictable nature. The conceptualization of death and what happens to a person when they die is perplexing to understand. Humans tend to fear the things in which they cannot begin to explain. No one person exactly knows for sure what to expect once they leave this world. So, we have established religion and science in an attempt to allow us to wrap our heads around this idea. EventuallyRead MoreAnalysis Of Death And The Afterlife1334 Words   |  6 PagesThe questions behind death and the afterlife have existed among all people from an immemorial time. Where do we go, what is it like, who or what is there, is what I’m doing today have an impact on where I end up? From the moment of conception to the day people die, there are life choices that are made through certain religious beliefs, this may have an impact on how life is in the afterlife. For Christians and Buddhists the purpose and meaning of their life and how it is lived out is determinedRead MoreDeath, Mortality, And The Afterlife938 Words   |  4 PagesFreud once said that death is inevitable and yet inconceivable. The idea of death, mortality, and afterlife has been a question for the human race since the beginning of time. Throughout time and space these ideas have changed and have been modified according to their own views depending in what region they were born in and the time period. To look at what has changed over the periods we have to look at our history starting with writings like the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Hebrew texture, the Bible andRead MoreDesire, Death, And The Afterlife2435 Words   |  10 PagesLovedeep Ghotra ENG4U Mrs. Valdez Monday January 5th, 2014 Desire, Death, and the Afterlife The 1951 play A Streetcar Named Desire explores the fate of the principle characters to which desire leads, as indicated in the title. Desire, in reference to sex is displayed as a destructive force by the author Tennessee Williams, which leads to a series of tragic events in the life of Blanche Dubois, the protagonist. She is the character of focus in this play and has an interesting personality as sheRead MoreSocrates: on Life, Death and the Afterlife1419 Words   |  6 PagesBD Socrates’ views of death as represented in â€Å"The Trial and Death of Socrates† are irrevocably tied to his beliefs of what makes life significant. For Socrates, life must be examined through constant questioning and one must hold the goodness of life above all else. Consequently, even in the face of the un-good, or unjust in Socrates’ case as represented in his trial, it would not be correct to do wrong, return wrong or do harm in return for harm done. Therefore, no act should be performed withRead MoreHamlets Understanding Of Death And The Afterlife1143 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the play, Hamlet’s understanding of death and the afterlife shifts to accommodate his emotional state and the needs of his conscience. Deep down, Hamlet doesn t believe in a true â€Å"afterlife†. After seeing the sins of man, he has a hard time believing that we deserve such a fate and seems to almost hope that all that awaits is peaceful nothingness. However, ce rtain situations cause Hamlet to shift his views as a way to console his conscience and help him to avoid facing his own problemsRead MoreDeath And Afterlife : Judeo Christianity1892 Words   |  8 PagesJulissa Tejeda Death Afterlife in Judeo-Christianity Martyn Lloyd-Jones proclaimed, â€Å"A whole gospel for a whole man!† In an exposition of Romans, he explained that the Gospel cannot be watered down or taken apart; it must be preached for what it is, in its entirety (Jones). If it is true that the complete Gospel takes up the entire person, one must ask what exactly is the entire person? Traditionally, humans have been defined by a combination of body, soul, and spirit. The human body is the connectionRead MoreAztec Beliefs On Death And The Afterlife1467 Words   |  6 PagesAztec view of the afterlife and its significance was the driving force of their life. Aztecs strongly believed in an afterlife. The journey to the afterlife entailed many things. It was believed that the way you died decided how your afterlife would go, not the way you lived. If you didn’t die in the specific ways which sent you to specific gods, you would go through the nine levels hell; in the ninth you would serve for eternity. â€Å"They ar e not places of bliss or damnation, merely multiple levelsRead MoreEmily Dickinson : Death And Afterlife996 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson: Death and Afterlife Emily Dickinson lived a life of seclusion and grew up in Amherst, Massachusetts. She almost always stayed at home and wore basic clothing, only dressing in white gowns (Puchner 1054). Dickinson also never married. She was born in 1830 and died in 1886. Dickinson never intended for her works to be published or even made public for that matter. She asked her sister to destroy all of her works, but instead, her sister decided to have her works published after

Addiction The Problem Of Addiction Essay - 829 Words

You likely experience varying emotions dealing with the addict. One moment you fear the addict may die of an overdose; a moment later, you are angry because the addict is wasting money on drugs, sleeping in late, or refusing to work. It’s frustrating and painful to watch helplessly as someone you care about falls prey to the negative and possibly catastrophic consequences of addiction. While the addict deals with the consequences of addiction, your struggles are just as important and deserve attention. Here are ways to help you cope with the stress of dealing with the addict: Expand Your Knowledge of Addiction. Topics Covered in the Next Several Chapters Include: †¢ Why and how addiction develops. †¢ Why addicts continue to use despite the mounting problems addiction causes. †¢ The medical, social or legal consequences of addiction. †¢ Healthy ways for you to motivate the addict to seek treatment. †¢ Healthy ways to take care of yourself. †¢ The reality of addiction: the addict is in control. Counseling You need to be emotionally healthy to cope with the stress of dealing with the addict. Counseling with a therapist or spiritual counselor can be of immense value. Unfortunately, society views mental health problems as a sign of weakness. The very same stigma exists for drug addiction! Don’t allow yourself to think that way. Counseling can help you cope with the stress of dealing with the addict. Referral to a physician for medication can be helpful if you are struggling withShow MoreRelatedAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction939 Words   |  4 PagesThe amount of damage that addiction brings into people’s lives can be staggering. Society’s perspective of addiction can either help or hinder the problem. Some addictions are seen negatively by society while others are not recognized as harmful. Some perspectives view the issue moralistically, creating shame regarding the problem. This approach is rarely helpful when dealing with the problem of addiction. Psychology, through a biopsychosocial model, attempts to offer a scientific perspective. ThisRead MoreAddiction : The Problem With Addiction1222 Words   |  5 Pagesto treat addiction, it is important to first understand why addiction occurs. Often, there is a misconception on what steps need to be taken to deal with addiction, and what factors increase the propensity of addiction in the first place. The differ ent models of addiction aim to clarify and justify reasons why addiction occurs both physiologically and psychologically, as well as provide plausible solutions to stop addiction. Although the models all contain differing view on why addiction occurs, andRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction1705 Words   |  7 PagesAddiction A crisis that many communities in Georgia are experiencing is addiction. A large substance that is currently being abuse is methamphetamine. Methamphetamine can be smoked, snorted, injected, taken orally and dissolved in liquids. The most common use is smoking and injecting the drug because of the immediate reaction it has on the body. It is highly addictive and has repeated patterns of binges and crashes with the individual constantly trying to reproduce their euphoric high. A recentRead MoreThe Problem Of Addiction And Addiction1387 Words   |  6 Pageshave an addiction. The feeling of always wanting more just to be satisfied. Addiction is the result of a person who is consumed by a substance involved in an activity that is pleasurable. Drinking and shopping are two types of severe addictions and people do not realize it until it is too late. Addiction comes in various forms and it takes a while to realize what type of addiction a person could have. It tends to affect a person either physically or emotionally. A physical addiction causesRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction1798 Words   |  8 PagesAddiction I am the solution to my problem â€Å"The truth is most families discover is that no one can cure another person’s addiction. Only addicts can do that for themselves.† The textbook definition of addiction is a persistent, compulsive dependence on a behavior or substance. Some researches speak of two types of addictions; substance addictions (such as alcoholism, drug abuse, and smoking) and process addictions (such as gambling, spending, shopping, eating, and sexual activity. Users that areRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction900 Words   |  4 Pagescan be true of any addiction and it is problematic for our society. Addiction is on the rise in our country and it is quickly becoming an epidemic. The reason for the rapid rise is due, in part, to the fact that many children are following in their addicted parents’ footsteps. The future of our country is at risk as more youth turn towards drugs and alcohol. The government should implement programs that support addicts and their childre n in order to stop the cycle of addiction. Children whoRead MoreThe Problem Of Addiction And Addiction764 Words   |  4 PagesThis ted talk was phenomenal it made me really think of how we react to addicts, addiction issues, and related topics. Johann Hari, did a great job of explaining the current methods of handling addiction from many perspectives, such as political and societal. His journey within his own family took him all over the world to find the answers he wanted to know for himself and I think this was an inspiring investigation. I believe it is important to investigate as much as possible when you are lookingRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay1198 Words   |  5 PagesAddiction Students stroll in to class, their Venti iced soy vanilla lattes in hand rather than a notebook and pen. Keurig coffeemakers are commonplace in college dorm rooms. Colleges boast the number of Starbucks shops they have on campus. Just a month into the school year, and already many students’ bodies are becoming tolerant to caffeine, needing more and more of it to achieve the desired boost of energy, and if not given their fix, rebelling by causing headaches and irritability. Could itRead MoreAddiction : The Problem Of Addiction Essay1352 Words   |  6 PagesNot very many people understand why addiction brings out the worst in others, they only see what they are doing, not what the addiction is doing to them. It must be understood that it is a journey to overcome addiction. Some do not want to overcome it, but they will be better off. Everyone has an addiction to take the pain away, and not everyone realizes that they are addicted because addiction creates a false euphoria, but in reality, it is a nightmare. Addiction is an unusually great interest inRead MoreThe Problem Of The Addiction1179 Words   |  5 Pages The term addiction has been perplexing psychologists and humanity for many years. Normal people can’t seem to grasp what truly drives addiction and what addicts themselves go through on a daily basis when dealing with it. Hence, society has produced such a negative connotation associated with the term addiction such as cravings, compulsions, and dependence, that the true meaning of the term has been lost, and with it, its solution. People seem to believe that an addict is a lost cause, forever to

Shadows of Night The Fear of a Child Free Essays

In Annie Dillard’s book, An American Child; chapter two describes the fear she had as a child, of the night shadows that would appear on her walls. Dillard was five years old and shared a bedroom with her little sister Amy, who was two at the time. When Dillard describes her little sister sleeping, I can picture her clearly in my mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Shadows of Night: The Fear of a Child or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dillard writes; â€Å"even at two she composed herself attractively with her sheet folded tidily, under her outstretched arm, her head laid lightly on an unwrinkled pillow, her thick curls spread evenly. (21) Another wonderful example of her descriptive writing is when she is telling of the â€Å"thing† that she is so afraid of at night in her bedroom. Dillard states that, â€Å"the damned thing entered the room by flattening itself against the open door and sliding in. It was transparent, luminous oblong; I could see the door whiten at its touch. † (21) This â€Å"thing† that Dillard also refers to as â€Å"it† also had sounds of a â€Å"rising roar† (21) as it moved across her walls. Dillard finally figured out that her â€Å"thing was a passing car whose windshield reflected the corner streetlight outside. † (21) It wasn’t until she was outside one day, that she heard the familiar sound that she hears at night when the â€Å"thing† appears on her walls. Dillard’s writing shows how the human mind and imagination can exaggerate even the simplest things, until we can see in front of us what the true reality is. How to cite Shadows of Night: The Fear of a Child, Papers

Segmenting Nonprofit Stakeholders †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Segmenting Nonprofit Stakeholders. Answer: Introduction: Market segmentation is one of the most important things in fixing the marketing strategies (Wedel Kamakura, 2012). The organizations have to divide their customers into different segments so that they can be able to trace the customer behavior and thus manage to manipulate their customers to buy their products and gain the competitive advantage over their rivals in the industry. These are the ways in which the organizations can be able to attain their success. The need for assessing the behavior of the customers, their likes and dislikes is immense (Wedel Kamakura, 2012). The organizations and the marketing team has to analyze some of the important matters in regards to making the customer segmentation so that they can be able to assess which things are best suitable for which segment of customers, both from the point of views of quality and price (Jahanshani et al., 2014). The chosen organization for this assignment is one of the leaders in the global retail chain industry, Woolworths Limited ("Woolworths Limited", 2017). The need for consumer or customer segmentation is huge and this is done by almost any organization thriving for success. Customer segmentation is done by the organizations so that they can divide their customer base into smaller groups with similar kinds of choices, tastes, demands and preferences (Hjort et al., 2013). The market segment is a smaller market within the larger customer base that comprises of similar minded customers. The market segments are totally different from each other in their nature. A particular market segment is such a setting where the customers think and behave on the same lines (Cross, Belich Rudelius, 2015). The fluctuations in the market are ought to happen and a particular market segment responds to this in the same way. The basic customer segmentation can be done in some ways. This is done on the basis of some important factors like the age, gender, income, marital status, occupation and some others. There are generally three types of market segmentation (Mller Haase, 2014). These are psychographic segmentation, behaviouralistic segmentation and geographic segmentation. The different factors in this segmentation need to be addressed (Rupp, Kern Helmig, 2014). Demographic market segmentation The need for segmentation based on gender is very important since both men and women have different choices and preferences. The organizations have different choices for men that would surely not work for the women in the target market. The customers must be segmented by the customers based on their age group so they could find it comfortable to sale the products according to that particular age group only. The marketing strategies for the organizations would surely be different for the kids, teenagers and adults (Tifferet Herstein, 2012). The marketers divide the customers according to their income as this is very important to measure on how they could sale their customers and this has to be done strictly by maintaining the pricing strategies properly by assuming the income of the customers. According to this basis, the customers can be divided into three segments and they are high income customers, mid income customers and low income customers (Tifferet Herstein, 2012). The marital status of the customers is a factor in determining the consumer segmentation. This is because the travel agencies will surely not make the holiday packages at same price and facilities for the bachelors and the married couples. The consumer market segmentation can be fixed on the basis of the occupation of the customers since the products to be sold would vary from office goers to school and college students and people involved in other professionals. Advantages The demographics data can be achieved very easily from the government organizations or websites. The various factors of the demographic data like the age, income, gender are quantitative things and are adjustable to the needs of the company (Tifferet Herstein, 2012). Demographic segmentation does not approach the extremely niche groups and therefore have a great chance of targeting a huge population. The important data about the income and socio-economic status gives a huge opportunity to the companies to assess the buying powers (Tifferet Herstein, 2012). Disadvantages The competitors can very easily understand the demographic information and segmentation that the concerned company has targeted. It has happened often times that targeting the wrong market segmentation groups has turned to be a loss for the companies and wastage of money and resources as well as time. Psychographic market segmentation It is a known fact that different people have different personality traits, attitudes and personalities. The need for dividing the consumer base according to those traits and personalities is of huge importance (Boone Kurtz, 2013). There are many people who are careful about the outside environment while others are not. Similarly, some people are very much health conscious while others are not. The organizations must look after these things before making their products. This kind of market segmentation has to be done based on their lifestyles, interests, moral values and attitudes. The customers are always changing their preferences and the organizations have to change their mindsets as well so as to cater to the needs of the customers. This kind of segmentation is directly related with the human psychology and companies have to assess it before presenting those products to the customers (Boone Kurtz, 2013). The companies have to understand the psychology of the customers better an d thus they can be able to target and approach them in a better way. Advantages This helps the companies to catch the customers by studying his/her psychology. This is very important in case the companies desire to provide niche and customized products to their customers (Boone Kurtz, 2013). This helps to understand the customer behavior. Disadvantages It is a time consuming process. The psychology of the customers is different from each other so it is very difficult to segment the market according to that only. Behavioral market segmentation Behavioral market segmentation is important market segmentation. This is done so that the customers showing same kinds of choices and preferences can be assimilated together and put under the same group (Ailawadi et al., 2014). This helps the organizations to promote their variety of products in a similar manner and reach those customers in a shorter time. The customers can be captured by depending on their needs. The people are being more brands conscious so the companies have to be cautious about choosing their products. There are certain parameters for this market segmentation. These are:- occasion oriented, usage oriented, loyalty oriented and sought benefits (Ailawadi et al., 2014). Advantages This process helps the companies to identify the customers similar in behavior and thus makes it easier to target them. This process further helps to create a brand loyalty because the customers show an affinity towards a particular brand. Disadvantages Customer behavior cannot be predicted to be right all the time since the preferences of the customers changes with time. This kind of market segmentation is done depending on segmenting the customer base based on geographical borders (Hassan Craft, 2012). This segmentation depends on the countries, states, villages, cities and other urban areas, climatic conditions and population density. It is very important because people living in the same region are often seen to have the same needs. The companies could produce for the things that are best suited for the people of a particular region (Hassan Craft, 2012). Advantages This helps to recognize people living in a same geographic region and having the similar likes. The areas being densely populated can open the doors for a huge marketing opportunity. This helps the companies to invest in a particular geographic region earning them the opportunity for brand loyalty (Romaniuk Nenycz-Thiel, 2013). Disadvantages This process is unable to show the likes and dislikes, behavior of the customers. A particular region goes through certain climatic changes very often and this leads them to loss (Romaniuk Nenycz-Thiel, 2013). These are the ways in which the companies can target their customers based on these four main sections. The companies have to continuously evaluate and assess the needs of the customers for better results. Targeting the audience is a crucial stage for marinating a marketing strategy that comes after the segmentation of the target audience (Writz, 2012). The target audience has to be convinced so that they will buy the products of the company. The customers do not get to test the quality of the products before purchasing it. So, they have to rely entirely on the things that are said to them. The companies should make sure that these advertisements are not fake. The target market of a company is determined by the fact where the company wants to sell its products. The target market of a company includes the set of customers who are targeted by the company according to the buying power of the customers and the kinds of target segmentations. Every company has their selected target markets in their business territory. They invest a lot of effort including their money and resources to monitor their target market (Writz, 2012). It is very obvious that the target consumers have to be influenced to buy their products and its pricing. The pricing of the products is not meant for all the target consumers as all of them do not have the same buying power. The target market is very important to fix the marketing plan for the company. It has to be kept to be in the focus of the marketing plan and strategy since it keeps the other factors like the distribution of the product, pricing and promotion strategies. This is called as 4 Ps of marketing (Gordon, 2012). Keeping that in mind, the target market has to be decided upon in the light of Woolworths limited ("Woolworths Limited", 2017). The target market of the company is mainly the high earning people. Their premium products are mainly designed to cater to the needs of the high society people. The standard of living of Australian people is higher than the average people in other countries. Woolworths target to develop the environment and fulfill the needs and demands of the people regarding the environmental safety (Lundgren McMakin, 2013). The chief strategy of the organization is to increase the market share in the future. They sell their products to different range of customers. They target all groups of people as per range. Their belief is they should be able to sell their product to a widely ranged customer group so that they can get the competitive edge (Barney, 2014). Woolworths always try to approach their target market through customizing their products in a mass volume. They have to build a good relationship with their customers so that their customers stay loyal to their brand only. In the entire marketing scenario, this helps to give them a huge advantage to create a reputed brand image (Aaker Biel, 2013). These marketing strategies help them to stay ahead of their competitors. The disposable income of the Australians is fairly high so the primary target of Woolworths is the people with a good earning ("Woolworths Limited", 2017). The secondary target market of Woolworths is the people who are weaker section in the financial basis. Their secondary target market audience for Woolworths may be the people who order their orders online. The target audience will take a long time to choose their products by comparing the quality (Aaker Biel, 2013). The products that are provided by Woolworths are daily use basis. This is why they have to provide the best quality materials in it to improve their reputation among their target audiences. They must produce their goods by analyzing their customer profiles. These are based upon the demographic, geographic, psychographic and behavioral approach to market segmentation. They must develop the goods according to the age, gender, income and occupation of the customers. This will be helpful for them to fix their pricing strategies since they cannot provide every product to very customer (Barney, 2014). The customers have to be careful about choosing their brands at the time of purchasing. This will add to the fact that the customers will be looking for the best products in the market. The best products will be available in the target market when Woolworths will have identified the needs and demands for the customers. Woolworths must make a marketing survey among their customers so that they can assess what their customers actually need ("Woolworths Limited", 2017). They should prepare a consumer profile template for that. This will help them to analyze what their customers actually want from them. They will then make things clear about what they have to produce and thus cater to the requirements of their target market (Aaker Biel, 2013). Brand positioning is a very important factor for the companies in the global business environment in these days. In this part of the paper, the brand positioning of the chosen company Woolworths limited has to be determined (Hollensen, 2015). Brand positioning of a company defines the reason for the taget customers to buy the products of that particular company. The companies have to create a niche market for its customers and this market has to be carefully chosen. The company has to be unique in quality than its competitors and the company can be able to gain a competitive advantage through this. In other words, it can be said that brand positioning is the reflection of the views and opinions of the customers on that particular company. The companies make their marketing strategies in such a way that their brand positioning creates a special and unique place in the market (Hollensen, 2015). Likewise, Woolworths have created their own brand positioning and it has been quite a success because they are considered as one of the most influential retail organizations in the country as well as in the world. When a company has to create a valuable brand positioning for them, identify and determine all the points of similarities and differences so that they can choose the right brand identity and improve their brand image this way. Woolworths generally operates in a mass market and they sell the FMCG products that are sold in a large market. Woolworths has always given the most priority on their products (van Elzakker et al., 2012). The quality products help them to build the customer faith and brand loyalty. This gives a good impression on the customers minds. They tend to identify the needs and requirements of the people and thus they develop those products according to the needs and requirements. Value and price is a determining factor in the positioning of the brands. Excessively low prices as well as excessively high prices ruin the brand image so it is clever enough to keep the price of the brands according to its use and quality (Sirianni et al., 2013). The customers always give more value to their budget because it helps them to judge what kind of products they will buy. The prices of the products of Woolworths are not too high or too low. Woolworths uses the strategy to communicate the benefits of the particular products to their customers. This way the customers get to know the benefits they can get from and Woolworths utilizes this opportunity to spread their popularity through their varied products from food to apparels and other products in the retail chain industry (Sirianni et al., 2013). The users will be able to select the products according to their needs and requirements. Perceptual map helps the companies to identify their brand positioning. Woolworths produces some important products that are used by a huge percentage people ranging from high social class to the lower ones (Kervyn, Fiske Malone, 2012). This has been the key for the company to keep their product pricing at a moderate level. Woolworths has a lot of competitors in their industry. The most important of them are Coles Supermarket and Wesfarmers. Woolworths has been trying to keep up their reputation and improve their brand image by providing good quality products. They are proven themselves to be a well established brand with expansions in the foreign countries. This has been one of their most impressive strategies to dominate the market. They have focused strongly on the advertisement of their brands. They put up advertisements on their websites as well as in the social media platforms (Kervyn, Fiske Malone, 2012) This also helps them to create a good brand positioning. Some of the ne w products of Woolworths are Arnotts Vovo ice cream, Arnotts Wagon Wheel ice cream, Banana Boat Dry Balance Lotion, Beckham Body Spray Instinct Sport, Bimbadgen Sparkling Semillon and many others. These products have been priced within the affordability of their customers by judging their buying powers. These factors work in real time as Woolworths are trying to be the leaders in the retail chain industry (Fernie Sparks, 2014). Since, they do not provide their products to the niche market they are well focused on to provide best quality products to the mass market. References Aaker, D. A., Biel, A. (2013).Brand equity advertising: advertising's role in building strong brands. Psychology Press. Ailawadi, K. L., Neslin, S. A., Luan, Y. J., Taylor, G. A. (2014). Does retailer CSR enhance behavioral loyalty? A case for benefit segmentation.International Journal of Research in Marketing,31(2), 156-167. Barney, J. B. (2014).Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. 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